- Service Notes -
Dog Tags- Vietnam
Fostoria Focus
May 25, 2003

IN MEMORIAM

On Memorial Day, we stand together to show respect and honor to the American Soldiers who fought for our country's freedom.
Adair, Francis L. - WWI
Adams, Walter - WWII
Aherns, Gene F. - WWII
Albert, Richard K. - WWII
Alexander, Frank - E4, Navy
Alge, George W. - WWII
A lva, Fidel - WWII
Apple, Staff Sgt. Weldon M.-Army
Anderson, John - WWII
Anderson, Arthur - WWII
Andrews, Colin - WWII
Askam, Robert E. - Vietnam
Auda, Robert F. - WWII
Ausenbaugh, Cpl. Flora V. -Army Air Corp.
Ayres, Edith - WWI
Ayres, Charles - WWII
Baeder, Charles R. - Sonarman 2C, Navy
Baker, Clarence M. - WWII
Baker, Delton A. - WWI
Baker, Doyle A. (8-24-01) - AKAN Navy
Ballreich, Harry E. - WWI
Bargaheiser, Lawrence G. - Vietnam
Barringer, Pfc. Robert D. - Army
Beck, David B. - WWII
Beeler, Charles W. - WWII
Beem, Roger B. - Korean War
Beeson, Jean F. (9-17-01) - MM3 Navy Korean War (1948-1952)
Beeson, William A. - Navy S/1C - WWII
Bemis, James G. -Aviation Ordnanceman, 3C, Navy

Bennett, Kenneth (10-17-53) Marines WWII
Bennett, Ralph (9-13-65) Army Paratroups, WWII
Bennett, Wayne (12-7-67) Army WWII
Bibbee, John M. - WWII
Biddle, Elbert Jr. - WWII
Biller, Richard A. - WWII
Bingle, Cpl. George Army
Bleclic, Carl M. - WWII
Bogard, Jack C. - Vietnam
Bolander, William H. - Korean War
Bordner, Sylvester C. - WWI
Bowman, William F. S1, Navy
Bowling, Ralph - WWII
Boyd, Staff Sgt. Hugh F. (7-25-96) - WWII
Bozarth, Malcolm E. - WWI
Brady, Capt. (Chaplain) Thomas (KIA 7-23- 43), HHC, 145th Inf.,37th Div., New Georgia Solomon Islands
Breidenback, Elden L. - WWII
Brendle, Gilbert F. - WWII
Brewer, James N.- WWI
Brickner, Robert J. - WWII
Brodman, Louis H. - WWII
Brookover, Robert J. - WWII
Browning, Pfc. James C. - US Army
Bulkowski, Constant S. - WWII
Burdette, Arthur B., - Aviation Cadet - Army
Burgess, Lt. Jack C. - Navy
Burkett, Leon M. - WWII
Burns, Keith D. - WWII
Butzier, Clarence F.- WWI

Carter, Robert A. - WWII
Caufield, John L. - WWI
Chaney, Dean D. - Korean War
Cherry, Raymond A. - WWII
Chester, Clarence W. - WWII
Clore, Robert B. - WWII
Close, Kelsel C. - WWII
Coe, Pvt. Harry S. - Army
Colatruglio, Matteo - WWI
Cook, Raymond - WWII
Cook, Walter W. - WWII
Cooley, Vinton J. (9-23-94) - Navy Pearl Harbor Survivor, - WWII
Coppes, Donald C. - Seaman, Merch. Marine
Coppler, Sfc. Charles K. (5-24-92) -Army WWII, Korean War, Vietnam (1946-75)
Corner, Dale D. - FM1C, Coast Guard
Courtney, Issac N. - WWI
Cowgill, Paul E. - WWII
Crabtree, Pfc. John D. - 83rd Div. 329th Inf. Army - WWII (1942-45)
Cramer, Howard V. - WWII
Cramer, Orio H. - Metalsmith 3C, Navy
Crouse, Sgt. John C. - Army
Crow, Cpl. Ralph B. - 12th Tactical Recon. Sqd., 9th Air Force (1942-45)
Crump, Harry Jr. - V6, Navy
Culver, Neal W. - WWI

Curtis, Charles R. Jr. - WWII
Curtis, L.A. - WW
Dall, James W. - WWI
Daugherty, Paul E. - WWII
Daugherty, Staff Sgt. Richard - Army
Daum, Orvil A. - WWI
Dauterman, Pfc.(T) Dallas P. - Army
Dayton, Paul E. - WWII
Daywalt, Harry A. Jr. - WWII
Dehmer, Charles S. - WWII
Dehring, Pfc. Orren A. - Army
Dellinger, Thomas E. - WWII
Dennis, Wayne N. - WWII
Denny, Maxie - WWII
Dent, Virgil B. Jr. - WWII
Devine, David E. - Vietnam
Devore, Eugene H. Tech 5h GR, Army
Dieter, Scott J. (2-7-85) Navy Fireman
Dolch, Robert F. - WWII
Donaldson, Paul L. RM3, Navy
Doran, Robert W. - WWII
Drake, Roger K.- Vietnam
Drake, Anderson F. - WWII
Drown, Larry G. - Vietnam
Dugger, Worley F. - WWII
Duvall, Pfc. Richard G. - Army

Eckert, Ernest M. - WWII
Edgar, James - WWII
Edinger, Pfc. Donald C. Sr. - Army
Ehrenfried, Leo A. - WWI
Elchert, Donald A. - Navy, RD3
Elchert, Vernon A. - WWII
Erbland, Norman J. - Vietnam
Estes, Donald D. - WWII
Ewing, Kent - WW

Falewage, George A. - WWII
Feasel, Francis C. - WWII
Feehan, Patrick J. - WWII
Feucht, Richard E. - Sr., Army
Fillhart, Staff Sgt. Carl R. (2-28-76) - Army 84th Tank Btn. - Korean War
Flack, Clark W. - WWI
Flechtner, Sgt. Donald - Army - Vietnam
Fleet, Burton R. - WWII
Fleming, Max W. - S1/C-V6, Navy, 1943-46
Florea, Henry C. Jr. - WWII
Folk, Pvt. Elden R. - Army
Foster, Herbert J. - SV-6, Navy
Fourtney, Glenn A. - WWI
Foust, Earl O. - WWI
Fox, Benjamin H. - WWI
Fraley,Pvt. Franklin R. - Air Force, Korean War (1951)
Frankart, Irvin N. - WWII|
Fritz, S.F.C. Virgil J. - Army Ret. (23 yrs)
Fruth, John C. - Army, WWII
Fry, Joseph C. Jr. - WWII
Fuerstenau, Pv1 Gerald C. - Army
Fuqua, Claude - WWI
Gamble, Sgt. Major Robert R. (3-11-03) Army, Vietnam (26 yrs)
Gardner, Thomas - WWII
Gase, James F. - Vietnam
Gase, Paul J. - Tech 5, Army (1942-45)
Gassman, Gerald L. - Vietnam
Geiser, Lt. Col. Michael J. - Army National Guard Reserves (28 yrs)
George, Joseph E. - WWII
George, Lewis - WWI
Goebel, Duane E. - Korean War
Gonyer, John - WWII
Goshe, Cpl. Frank - Army, WWI (2-3-78)
Graham, Warren W. - WWI
Gray, Edward P. - WWII
Gray, James G. - WWI
Gray, Pfc. Thomas M. - Army
Green, Clyde - WWII
Grine, Pvt. Lawrence - Army
Grine, Steven E. - WWI
Gurney, Gerald E. - WWII

Habecker, Carl W. - WWII
Hammer, Clarence E. - Army, WWII
Hammer, Clyde C. - Navy WWII (1944-46)
Hammer, Gerald E. - Army, Korea
Hampshire, Robert C. - Vietnam
Harris, James T. - RM3 Navy
Harris, John - WWII
Harrison Leech, Cpl. C. William - Grand Army of Republic, Ohio, 49th Regiment Civil War (1/1864-10/1864)
Hartley, Ralph A. - Navy, WWII
Hartranft, Charles E. - WWII
Harvy, John - WWI
Hayes, Cecil E. - WWI
Hayes, James A. - WWII
Hayes, Thomas E. Army, WWII (3 purple hearts)
Haynes, Leroy L. - WWII
Hayward, Franklin C. - WWII
Heinze, Harold A. - WWII
Hellriegel, T. Sgt. Charles F. - Army
Hemminger, 1st Lt. Delbert F. (4-28-89) Army, WWII & Korean War (7 yrs)
Hemminger, Ralph R. - Navy, WWII & Korean War, GMM2
Henderson, Frank H. - WWI
Henderson, Louis Jr.
Henderson, Lowell - WWII
Hendriyckx, Leon - S2C, Navy
Henline, Paul E. (6-8-02) - Radioman 3C, Navy, LST 631 (1944-46)
Henry, Charles G. - WWI
Herbert, Frank - WWI
Hernandez, Ramon V. - Air Force, 1/C Air Police, Korea
Herrick, James L. - WWII
Herrig, Staff Sgt. Roert J. - Navy|
Haershberger, James R. - WWII
Hicks, Ellis A. - Korean War
Hightower, Cecil O. - Korean War
Hill, Robert L. - Korean War
Hillery, Dwight R. - WWI
Homier, Paul E. - Korean War
Hook, Rodney L. Sr. - Army, Desert Storm (1987-92)
Hooper, Charles G. - Tech 3, Army
Hosafros, Cpl. Allen E. - Arm
Hossler, Robert J. - Korean War
Houck, Frank R. WWI
Howard, Alexander M. - 355 42813 Army Infantry (1942-1945)
Huffman, Glen E. - Korean War
Huffman, T-4 Paul E. - US Army, D-Day (1942-1945)
Huges, Gordon J. - Vietnam
Hughes, Michael J. - WWII

Ingman, Dorse - WWI
Ingram, Joseph R. - WWI
Isbell, James H. (12-13-1984) Tech 4 Army - WWII (1942-1945)
James, James A. S03, Navy
Jaqua, Richard E. - WWII
Jenks, Garner - WWI
Johns, Allan E. - WWII
Johnson, Hugh - WWII
Johnson, Ralph - A/1C(P), Air Force
Josey, George - WWII
Judd, Royce AJ - WWII
Jumper, Paul H. - WWI

Kagy, Capt. Rudolph (1845-1919) Co.A 20th Vol. Infantry
Keating, Charles H. - Korean War
Kehr, Irvin - WWII
Keiser, Donald M. - WWII
Kelly, Frank R. Jr. - Seaman 1C, Navy
Kerlin, Willis E. Jr. - Vietnam
Kerschner, Joseph A. - WWII
Killie, Robert - WWII
Kincaid, Robert J. - WWII
King, Pfc.(T) Charles F. Jr. - Army
King, Kenneth W. - WWII
Kinn, Edward L. - WWII
Kinsley, James G. WWII
Kirk, Joe R. - Seaman 1C, Navy
Kistner, Ray A. - WWI
Klein, Norman H. - WWI
Kleinhenz, Harry S. - WWI
Kleinsmith, Adrian R. - WWII
Klopfenstein, Donald H. - WWII
Klopp, Francis L. - WWII
Knox, Pfc. Kenneth B. - Army
Koss, Frederick A. - WWII
Kramer, William J. - WWII
Kroetz, Pfc. Kyle M. - Army
Krumlauf, Joes W. - WWII
Kuebler, Louis J. - WWI Kuzma, Pfc. George C. - Army Infantry, Purple heart & 2 oak leaf clusters, POW in Germany (1942-1945)
 Kwilus, Ralph O. _ WWII
Lahr, Donald F. - WWII
Lamberjack, Gerald L. - WWII
Lancaster, Ray - WWII
Laney, Durward - WWII
Langdale, Charles - Korean War
Langstaff, Cpl. William - Army Air Corp WWII (1941-1945)
Lanning, Frank - WWI
Large, Robert R. - WWII
Larrow, Henry E. - WWII
Lavo, Donald E. - WWII
Leahy, Walter R. - WWII
Leatherman, Richard T. - WWII
LeComte, Charles E. - WWII
LeComte, Jack R. - Av/S, Army
Lee, Gene F. - Vietnam
Lee, Bernie, WWI
Lemon, Floyd R. - WWII
Lescallett, John W. Jr.- Korean War
Lester, Capt. William (KIA7-18-43), Co. B, 148th Inf. 37th Div., New Ga, Solomon Islds
Lichtle, Gerald A. - WWII
Lindower, John S. - WWII
Lindsay, Russell W. - WWII
Little, Randall - WWII
Lloyd, Evan - WWII
Loach, Alvin Eugene (1895-1960) PFC, 249 CO MPC, WWI (1917-1919)
Loach, Paul Alvin (1924-1982) - FI Navy WWII (1942-1946)
Loeffler, William J. - SC2C, Submarine Corp. (1943-1946)
Longfellow, Robert B. - WWII
Lonsway, Wilfred N. - WWI
Louman, Charles - WWII
Luman, William E. - WWII
Luster, obert L. - Vietnam
Luzadder, Pfc. (P) Henry L. Jr., Army
Lynn, Thomas H. - WWII
Macias, John - 25-30887, Army, 43rd Div. WWI - (1914-1916)
Madden, Donald L. - WWII
Magers, Albert J. - Korean War
Mangett, Marcus L. - WWII
Mann, Cpl. David F. (1910-2002) - Co. B, 148th Inf., 37th Div. (1939-1945)
Margraf, Clair - WWII
Markey, Dr. SR (12-3-96) - Army, WWII
Martin, Lynn - WWI
Martin, Thomas O. - SP3(T), Army
Mason, Warren - WWII
Matthews, James P. (10-18-75) - Army WWI
McBeth, Pvt. Cleve - Army, Vietnam
McBeth, Pvt. Samuel Sr. - Army, WWII
McCarthy, Charles H. - WWI
McClain, Sgt. Hillis P. - Army
McHaffe, Staff Sgt. E5 Alvin E. - Air Force
McIntyre, Pfc./E2 Raymond N. (KIA6-15- 68) - 0311 Marine Corp., Vietnam
Mesnard, Ralh W. WWII
Michaels, Robert J. - WWII
Michener, Dalton D. - WWII
Might, Robert J. - WWII
Miller, Carl - WWII
Miller Charles - WWII
Miller, Maynard A. - WWII
Miller, Maurice E. - WWII
Miller, Blair C. WWI
Miller, Lew . - WWI
Miller, William R. - Ordnanceman (govser), Marine Corp.
Minard, Stanley E. - WWII
Mitchem, Douglas J. - Sp4 E4, Army
Moats, Pusarajamma Atrice - 1st Lt, Marines
Moes, Edward J. - Sgt/ Tanks, Army WWII
Mohr, Ralph C. - WWII
Mompher, David P. - Korean War
Moody, William H. - WWII
Moore, Paul (4-1-96) Navy Seabees
Morgan, Pfc. Fred C. - MP, Army, Coc 218th Inf. Regl., 80 Div. (1944-1946)
Morgan, Lonnie - WWII
Morris, Dean G. - Army, WWII
Mosler, William M. Jr. - WWII
Mottram, Charles W. Jr. - WWII
Mullinuex, Heber - WWII
Munoz, Robert D. SM3C, Navy
Myers, Curtis L. - WWII
Myers, Ernest C. - WWI
Navarro, Frank Sr. (11-8-00), Airman 2nd Class, Air Force (1952-1955)

Neiderkohr, Pt. Peter (KIA 5-27-64) - Co. D, 49th Ohio Vol. Inf., Pickett's Mill, Ga.
Niswander, Robert H. - WWII
Norris, Sgt. James (KIA5-27-1864) - Co. H, 49th Ohio Vol. Inf., Pickett's Mill, Ga.
Norris, Richard C. (99) - E3 Seaman, Navy (1961-1967)
Nye, Donald L. - WWII

Ochs, William - WWII
Olin, Donald R. - WWII
Orr, Pfc. Lewis E. - Army
Overly, Warren R. - Fireman/C Navy
Painter, Denny E. - Vietnam
Panbrun, Fred B. - WWII
Paradiso, Anthony - WWII
Parker, Marion A. - WWII
Parmenter, Lt. Floyd R. - Naval aviator
Pastorius, Thomas . - Korean War
Paulin, Kenneth R. - WWII
Pearce, Leon - WWII
Peck, Glenn C. - WWI
Perkey, Cpl. Lewis (KIA5-5-1864) Co. H, 55th Ohio Vol. Inf. , Resaca, Ga.
Perry, John W. WWII
Peterson, Joseph J. - WWII
Phillip, Norman F. - Electricians mate,3C Navy
Phillips, Gerald W. - WWII
Phillips, George - WWI
Pickett, Cpl. L. Clarence E. - Army
Pierce, Arthur E. - WWI
Piggue, Cpl. James L. - Army
Pingle, Cpl. Clarence - field artilleryman, 6th Army, Pacific battles
Pingle, Pvt. Frank - WWII (wounded in action)
Pingle, Cpl. Harry -9th Army (Battle at Remagan, Germany)
Pingle, Pfc. Paul - from Stuttgard Field, Ark Retired after duty in Alaska
Pingle, Sgt. Robert - WWII, Air Force,Aerial Eng. Gunner on B26, based in France
Plummer, Pvt. William A. - Army
Poe, Robert H. - Korean War
Pollack, Donald C. - WWII
Porter, Charles Jr. - WWI
Porter, George W. - WWII
Porter, John L. - WWII
Porter, Pfc. Russell J. - Army
Potter, Lester - WWII
Powers, Earl - WWII
Prater, Roy D. - Vietnam
Prenzlin, Pfc. John E. - Army

Rader, Alan R. - Vietnam
Raney, T/Sgt. Norman C. - Army
Rangeler, Orville - WWI
Ranker, Albert Jr. - WWII
Ranker, Charles E. - WWII
Ranker, Leo J. - WWI
Ratliff, Ora W. - Korean War
Rayle, Staff Sgt. Harold R. - Army
Redfox, Wayne D. - WWII
Reffner, Emerson L. - Korean War
Reiff, Kenneth B. - WWII
Reinhard, Clarence C. - WWII
Reinhard, Charles C. - WWII
Reinhart, Andrew F. - WWII
Renninger, Harold O. - WWII
Rich, Archie - WWII
Rickard, Pfc. AMEDS Richard E. - Army
Riley, Everett - WWII
Risner, Clayton- Navy, Seaman 1st Class, Korean War (2 yrs)
Risner, Owen (1-21-80) - Army Spec 4 Vietnam (2yrs)
Risner, Pfc. Wyatt (03-03) - WWII, So. Pac.
Ritter, Pfc. Alva - WWII, So. Pacific
Ritzler, Richard P. - Vietnam
Roberts, Edward J. - WWII
Roelle, William B. - 1st Class Petty Officer, Navy, Korean War
Roller, Robert J. - WWII
Rowles, James L. - 2nd Lt., Army
Rothgeb, Pfc. Harley - Army, WWII (2 yrs)
Ruehle, Medard A. - Vietnam
Rumschlag, Charles - WWII
Russell, C harles - WWII
Russell, Staff Sgr. Charles E. (9-11-01) Air Force, Korea

Sabbach, Richard N.- A/B (P) Air Force
Saunders, James E. - Tec 5, Army
Savieo, Richard H. - Vietnam
Saxton, Harvey F. - Korean War
Scarinci, Rinaldo - WWI
Schaeffer, Fred M. - WWII
Schafer, Darl H. - WWII
Schlosser, Sgt. John A. - Army
Schmidutz, James H. - WWII
Scholidon, Anthony P. - WWII
Schroder, James V.- WWII
Seebon, Edward L. - WWII
Seel, Pfc. Bernard Sr. - Army, WWII, (4 yrs)
Sendelbach, Richard A. - WWII
Senn,, Warren R.- WWII
Shank, George J. - Korean War
Shasteen, Sgt. Donald O. - Army WWI, 1918
Shasteen, Pvt. William - Army, Spanish American War (1898)
Shaver, Wallace A. - WWII
Shawberry, Neile Jr. - WWII
Sheets, Edward - WWII
Sheets, Ralph C. - Skt. 2C, Navy
Sheffer, Charles H. - WWI
Shiley, Doyle W. - Korean
Shrode, Earl W. Jr. - WWII
Shumaker, Richard A. - WWII
Sickels, Darrel R. - WWII
Siebenaller, Robert C.- Vietnam
Sink, Richard B. - WWII
Skokane, Eleanor M. - Korean War
Skonecki, Sgt. Clara M. (Tomczak) - Women's Army Corp, WWII (1943-1946)
Skonecki, Lt. Leonard F. - Army, WWII (1941-1945)
Smiley, Charles S> - WWII
Smith, Dewey M. Jr. - S/1C, Navy
Smith, Edmund C. - WWII
Smith, Staff Sgt. Edson C. - Air Force
Smith, Paul F. - WWII
Smith, Master Sgt. Victor J. (4-3-93) Army, WWII
Smith, William D. - WWII
Snyder, Franklin W. = WWII
Snyder, William R. - WWI
Solarik, Pvt. William E. (8-82) - Army 32 mos. European Theater (1943-1946)
Sours, Robert M.- WWII
Sperow, Roger L. - S2C, Navy
Spittler, Pfc. Orval B. - Army
Stahl, Paul A. - Korean War
Stalsworth, Carlous F. - WWII
Stark, Cpl. Ralph T. - Army
Stark, Sgt. Richard M. (1-11-03) - Air Force WWII, cryptologist, Africa & India, 4 yrs.
Sterling, Frank C. - WWII
Stewart, Harold - WWII
Steve, Richard C. (9-2-84) - WWII Navy Chief Petty Officer
Steyer, Richard C. - WWII
Stoner, Glenn L. - WWII
Strausbaugh, Howard A. - Vietnom
Stull, Larry W. (KIA 68) - Navy, hospital corpsman, Vietnam (4 yrs)
Stultz, Paul K.- WWII
Stultz, John - WWII
Sullivan, James W. - WWII
Sullivan, Robert J. - Vietnam

Tallman, Donald C. - Vietnam
Taylor, Grant C. - Vietnam
Theis, Lawrence W. - Vietnam
Thomas, Cpl. Albert J. - Army (1917-19)
Thomas, John E. - WWII
Thomas, John R. - WWII
Thompson, John - WWII
Tong, Pvc. Robert N. - Marine Corp.
Tooneman, Cpl. Donald (KIA 7-30-43) Co. B, 148th Inf. 37th Div., New Georgia, Solomon, Islands
Turner, Marquis R. - Army (1942-1945)
Tuman, Donald E. - WWII

Unger, Harry D. - WWI
Valentine, Ernest L. - WWII
Valentine, Richard L. - WWII
Vosburg, Fred H. - WWII
Wade, Tech Sgt. Harry L. - Army Air Force (1942-1945)
Wagner, Pfc. Robert C. Sr. (7-19-91), Army WWII
Wallace, Charles A. - Pfc. Army (1941-45)
Wallace, Robert E. Sr, Pfc. - Army (1942-45
Walliser, Richard D. - WWII
Walter, Paul L. - WWII
Walter, Sgt. Richard C. Sr. - Army
Waltermyer, Cpl. Michael A. - Marine Corp.
Walters, Arthur M. - Tech Sgt., Army, WWII (1941-1944)
Wangler, Gerald C. - WWII
Wangler, Paul L. - Army, WWII
Ward, Norbert F. - WWII
Warner, John H. - WWI
Weber, John E. - Korean War
Weeks, Timothy - Army, Vietnam
Welter, Clifford A. - WWII
Werling, Raymond W. - WWII
West, Gordon R. - BT3 (E4)
Wheatley, Pfc Fred - Army
Whiteman, Herman E. - WWI
Wickwire, Alfred G.- WWI
Widmer, Eugene J. - WWII
Wildman, Charles W. - WWIIWilkinson, Robert L. - Korean War
Williams, Dale E.- Vietnam
Williams, Cassuis A. Jr. - Korean War
Williams, Gilbert C. - Army, VII Corps, WWII
Wilmoth, Cpl. (E4) Wayne W. - Marines
Wilson, Leroy E. - WWI
Wilson, George E. - WWII
Wing, Arthur R. - WWII
Woessner, George F. - WWII
Wolfarth, Stanley J. - Navy
Wolfe, Russel - WWII
Wolfe, Marion E. - WWII
Wonderly, Thomas J. - WWII
Wright, Clyde L.- CM 2C(T), Navy
Wright, Robert S. - WWII
Wurm, Arnold J. - WWII
Wurm, John F. - WWII
Yost, William F. - WWII
Young, Eugene "Toad" (2-11-97), Navy Korea
Young, Maurice "Boge" (10-29-97), Navy WWII
Young, Paul L. (11-24-83) - Air Force, WWII
Young, Pvt. Rodger (KIA7-31-43) Co. B, 148th Inf., 37th Div., New Georgia, Solomon Islands, Medal of Honor
Young, Roger W. - WWII
Yundt, Ava P. - Korean War
Ziegman, Myron J. - WWII
Zuern, Robert L. - Korean War
List courtesy of Joan Fleming